Was Einstein right?

Was Einstein right?
Relativity celebrates 100 years of scrutiny
February 2005

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Some historians trace the start of the modern era not to the turn of the 20th century, nor to the onset of World War I, but to May 29, 1919.

On that date, said physicist Clifford Will, a total eclipse of the Sun blanketed the Southern hemisphere. In those few brief moments of darkness, teams of British astronomers stationed in Brazil and West Africa were able to measure the bending of starlight predicted by Albert Einstein's nascent theory of general relativity.

Gravity Probe B with solar panels folded.
It was the first experimental proof of a theory that, as Will said, "has changed forever the way we think about space, about time, and about the universe as a whole."

Will, the James McDonnell professor of physics at Washington University in Saint Louis, was the third speaker in the 2005 Penn State Lectures on the Frontiers of Science, titled "Einstein's Legacy." His talk on February 5 at University Park traced the history of efforts to confirm Einstein's profundity.

"When Einstein invented his special theory of relativity in 1905, he was a pretty obscure scientist," Will said. "Even with general relativity in 1915, he was still really known only in science circles." When the 1919 results were announced in London in November of that year, he instantly became an international celebrity. "For the rest of his life, he was the symbol of genius."

Ups and Downs
By the mid 1920s, however, Einstein had turned his attention away from relativity to search for a unified theory of matter. "The field went into pretty rapid decline," Will said. "It was thought that general relativity was too difficult for ordinary mortals to understand." More important, the theory had few observable effects.

Too, "Einstein himself seemed rather blasé about experimental consequences," Will said. On receiving the telegram announcing the eclipse measurements, he was famously unimpressed. "I do not believe that the main significance of the general theory of relativity is the prediction of some effects," he wrote later, "but rather the elegance of its formation and the simplicity of its conception."

Lacking experiment to test and balance the theory, relativity became "a sterile field, a scientific backwater," Will said. "That began to change in the 1960s. Today it's one of the hottest fields in physics."

One key element in this renaissance, Will said, "was a revolution in astronomy." The rapid-fire discoveries of quasars in 1961, cosmic background radiation in 1964, pulsars in 1965, and the first black-hole candidate in 1971 revealed a whole new universe, riddled with objects of extremely high energy and density. "Understanding these sources required general relativity," Will said.

Also important was a new approach to thinking about the theory. "New textbooks written in the 1970s made it simple enough to teach, to the point where today it is taught to undergraduates."

Finally, technological leaps beginning in the 1960s enabled huge improvements in precision measurement with tools like atomic clocks, lasers, and radar. Together, these gains have allowed increasingly precise tests of Einstein's theory.

Ways of Knowing
Bending light. In Einstein's description, space is curved by the effects of gravity. Light passing through space necessarily follows this curve, and the stronger the force of gravity, the more the light is bent. Thus, bending should be largest for light passing close to a massive body like the Sun.

The 1919 expedition used an eclipse to mask the solar brightness and observe this phenomenon. As Einstein had predicted, the Sun's gravity pulled nearby stars into slightly different positions compared to where those stars are seen at other times of the year when the Sun is far away from them.

The discovery of quasars — strong, sharp, radio sources — and the development of radio interferometry during the 1960s allowed much more precise measurements of this bending, Will noted. By measuring the angle between two quasars (known as 3C273 and 3C279) that pass near the Sun in October each year, astronomers have confirmed that the observable bending agrees with general relativity to within a few parts in 10,000.

Orbit of Mercury. Mercury's path around the Sun is elliptical, shaped like a racetrack oval. According to Newton, such an orbit should be fixed in space. Mercury's, however, precesses; that is, the entire ellipse rotates slowly around the Sun. Very slowly — only 570 arc seconds, or less than two degrees, per century — but still enough to be a problem for celestial mechanics.

In the 1850s, the French astronomer Urbain Le Verrier explained this precession as a result of disturbances caused by the gravitational pull of nearby planets. Once these effects were toted up, however, there remained a gap of about 40 seconds of arc per century between Newton's prediction and the observed value. For 50 years this discrepancy remained a pebble in the shoe of astrophysics. Scientists even posited a hidden planet, Vulcan, to explain it. When Einstein finished the calculations of general relativity in 1915, however, he found that the predicted additional effects of his theory on Mercury's orbit exactly matched the 40-second gap.

The Space-Time twist. General relativity also predicts that massive rotating objects should drag space-time around themselves as they rotate. This effect, known as "frame dragging," is akin to what would happen if a bowling ball were set spinning in a tub of molasses. By bouncing laser beams off reflective satellites in space, Will said, scientists have recently managed to make the first tentative measurements of frame dragging. Last April, NASA launched the Gravity Probe B satellite, with an experiment intended to capture this effect much more precisely — by measuring tiny changes in the direction of spin of four orbiting gyroscopes. The probe's first results are expected in early 2006.

Slight disturbances in the fabric of the universe.
Gravitational waves. Sometimes thought of as ripples in space-time, gravitational waves are slight disturbances in the fabric of the universe caused by the motions of matter. The problem, said Will, is that these ripples are so small they've been impossible to measure.

In 1974, Russell Hulse and Joseph Taylor, then at the University of Massachusetts, discovered the first binary pulsar: a system of two rapidly spinning neutron stars locked in orbit around each other. Measuring the timing pattern of pulses coming from one of these stars over a period of years, Hulse and Taylor deduced that the two are rotating faster and faster in a smaller and smaller orbit — evidence for an energy drain caused by emitting gravitational waves.

The result earned a Nobel prize in 1993. Since then, Will noted, "There's been a world-wide effort to detect gravitational waves using giant laser interferometers." The two such detectors in the U.S., know collectively as the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory, or LIGO, have perpendicular arms 2.5 miles long. A much larger, space-based observatory, the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, or LISA, is scheduled to launch in 2012.

The Verdict
Was Einstein right? "Yes," Will concluded. "Over a hundred years, general relativity has passed every experimental test put to it with flying colors.

"The truly amazing thing to me is that a theory that was invented purely on aesthetic criteria, with no regard for experiment, turned out to be so right in the end."


I would like to add my own comment that his theory of general relativty was right more than he and/or his contemporary physicists thought it was. However he was wrong on his initial assessment on the non existing component of dipole gravity in his own theory, at the same time with the centrifugal force interpretation of the Lense-Thirring force. Now, with dipole gravity, the black hole jets and the dark matter problems are within the solid grip of general relativity which has not been the case since the birth of general relativity. At this point I don't think anyone can dispute the validity of general relativity. Dipole gravity has set general relativity in the firm solid ground.

Recruiting the Leaders of the Future Science

Thomas Khun writes in his book "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions", the old paradigm doesn't just disappear over night, it simply fades away as the new paradigm emerges to prevail the new science.

What I have been deliberately avoiding in the past was actually forming a school of thought to extensively explore and develop the new paradigm of dipole gravity for the science of the future human civilization. It involves forming extensive human relations and potentially a rigid circle of a scientific community that will eventually work against the emergence of a new paradigm for the better understanding of the universe, like the ones you see today, which I fear the most.

But somehow I came to the conclusion that you can not avoid it and you should not be afraid of forming it either. If Jesus had foreseen the Roman Catholic Church of today before hand, would he have stopped preaching his message? I don't think he would. He might have thought it is probably a necessary evil due to the nature of working with humans. You know in your deep soul how humans will eventually corrupt the idealism to the bottom of it for their own greed and for the false prestige, yet you can not stop, that is the nature of the life.

In your heart, you know you have the truth and you have got to spread it for the benefit of the humankind. What comes next is in my cup to worry. I only have to hope that this agenda was openly put out on the table at the beginning of my intention to form a school of thought for the new paradigm so that the future generation will heed every possibility that this will not happen again in the future. They have to be completely open minded and only resort to the reason and not to the belief system they have mindlessly inherited without critical and/or rational thinking.

They should not be surprised by the emergence of a new paradigm that fits better for the explanation of the unknown universe. We are ever evolving intelligent beings created to understand and explore the core intention of the creator himself.

Imagine a society that your possession doesn't mean anything, instead what you joyfully do and create matters the most.

Our(my and yours) school of thought will not only include the scientific exploration, but also it will include exploring the social, political, economic structure of the future civilization. The core reason for this is because this paradigm of dipole gravity is not compatible with the existing social, economic and political structure of the modern world. And of course that is also the core cause of the cycle of the poverty we are having in regard to the economic as well as the spiritual maturity we deserve to have.

It demands the total overhaul of the way humans will have to live in the future generation.

Please contact me with detailed descriptions of your backgrounds, thoughts and ideas. Our activity will involve publication of the papers in the journal and many other discussions for the future civilization.

The basis of the new paradigm sprang out of the following observations,

1. General relativity has physically meaningful anti gravity solution manifested by the anomalous shift of the center of mass, elaborated in the first published paper " Anomalous Center of Mass Shift: Gravitational Dipole Moment"
2. The weak field limit solution of the linearized general relativity known as the Lense-Thirring force is a result of the partially cancelled dipole gravity solution, due to the oppositely positioned two hemispheres inside a rotating spherical mass.
2. The Jets from the black hole accretion disc and the dark matter problem are the two manifestations of the same physical principle originated from dipole gravity.
3. The known gravitomagnetism is not general relativity. Consequently, all the theoretical publications related to the jet phenomenon based on the conventional gravitomagnetism are on the wrong theoretical footing. And so is the MOND theories of the dark matter problem.
4. Special relativity is inherently incompatible with Newtonian dynamics due to the reactionless shift of the center of mass from the rotating axially asymmetric objects. And this phenomenon breaks the Newton's fundamental laws of momentum and energy conservation principle.
5. The nature and the scientific laws prefer simplicity.

Wisest Thing to Do for The Academics in Gravitational Physics

Some people in the field of gravitational physics may think that if they keep quiet and ignore this theory called dipole gravity, it will eventually go away and never bother them again. If they really think this way, it will be the most vile and despicable attitude as scientists who are paid to do the job of finding the ultimate truth and the secret of the nature and educate the younger generation of the students for the brightest future of the world of new technology. The truth of the nature is not manufactured. They are discovered. As such, it stays as a public property and record.

This is one of the good examples that shows power/money corrupts everything. However scientifically faulty idea their experiment may be based on, as far as the tax payers money can be poured in, they will keep on doing the same things even if they know very well that it will not work and there are better ways to do to get the same results. The mechanism of sound and adequate moderation is not there. The fundamental basis of the whole scientific community at the moment is stinking corrupt from the bottom to the top.

For someone who has ten to twenty years before his/her retirement, the wisest thing they should do now will be to have a PhD graduate student to investigate and work out the details of the theory of dipole gravity and let them be the pioneers of this field in the near future. You don't want them to waste their time on things that will not last. However, if you have a couple of years before retirement, why bother?

The experts in this field will never come out to admit that they missed this particular solution of general relativity. They would rather jump off the cliff than come forward to announce it in front of the public. I would be really surprised if they do and that way they might earn at least my two cents of respect. But I bet they would rather want to quietly disappear in the oblivion with a comfortable peace in their minds.

The short sightedness of this behavior is that they do not realize the long term consequence of their action that the history will not be very kind to them. These two authority figures of the modern day(as of 2009) science in the field of gravitation, Kip Thorne and Stephen Hawking, will be forgotten pretty much the same way no one remembers what were the names of the opponents who ridiculed Galileo in the middle ages of Europe.

Looking back, in classical mechanics, the rotating mass hinged on a central pivot has a constant inward acceleration not outward one. This inward acceleration should cause general relativistic gravity force toward the center if the equivalence principle is correct. The rigidity of the hinge prevents it from being subjected to the centrifugal outward acceleration.

So the centrifugal force interpretation of the second order gravity force from the rotating sphere was wrong from the beginning. And this obvious mechanical aspect has never been debated. In a rotating sphere, the intuitive picture of the second order gravity in radial direction is stronger in the equator and gets weaker at the poles just as described in dipole gravity. The axial component of this force which is the source of the repulsive gravity at the poles along the rotation axis had to wait until the development of general relativity.

I'm saying this to remind people that the sign error of the Lense-Thirring force should have been detected long time ago.

A while ago, I criticized pretty harshly one of the authors of the well known theory of gravitomagnetism who wrote a theory of jets from the back holes using the Blandford-Znajek mechanism and posted the article in my blog. She the author, later out of blue, sent me email threatening to sue me for defamation. I told her I would rather defend my freedom of speech to the supreme court and this case will be pretty widely publicized. After a while, she said she wouldn't do it because she would rather not want to see this rabbit come out of the cage. I deleted the article from my blog anyway because it was the least of my intention to make any soul to suffer out of his/her own selfish form of dignity.

But I want to tell you, there is no God given dignity without siding with the truth. As long as you are knowingly avoiding the truth especially the undeniable mathematical one, you are not very far from being crooks.

Classification of Dipole Gravity

What is dipole gravity and where does it belong? How to categorize the theory within the known classification of the physical theories? These are the questions that have pretty obvious answers once you learn the details of the theory of dipole gravity. Yet for many people this is not enough. It is a theory that they simply can not categorize it. In a lot of the cases in physics, understanding a certain aspect of the nature just needs a simple and clear classification.

In a nut shell, it is general relativity but this particular aspect of the theory has been unknown in the field for the last 90 years. May be I should say 80 years because it was published since 1999. It is a solution of general relativity Einstein didn't think it had. So, naturally the cronies of the old school have tried their best to prove dipole gravity is not general relativity. But if is not, how the Lense-Thirring force can be derived from it. So, they failed to prove it is not a part of general relativity.

This is the pure mathematical and scientific part of this fiasco which is easy in some sense.

Now the difficult part is the problematic human side which has nothing to do with the science.

The major problematic part is how the world has to admit that the whole school of the science of gravity has missed it including Einstein himself, for so long, therefore, it can not be correct ....kind of reasoning.

This is the same kind of logic the opponents of Galileo used against him. "Aristotle can't be wrong, therefore, Mr. Galileo, you must be wrong" upon the idea that the objects of different mass fall to the ground with the same speed. It was not so much of the historical trial by the Roman Catholic church but rather his contemporary world of science that was not ready to take his observational scientific method that was the problem.

Another problem was that most of the time they(the opponents of Galileo) didn't even bother to take a look at the evidence. "I don't have to look through your silly gadget Mr. Galileo, I know there is nothing on the moon"

The difference in this case is that this is a theoretical solution not the observational one. And the opponents are well aware of the disastrous situation that they can not win. In fact, they are well aware of the fact that they have lost in totality. The mess that they have created over the years on the subject of magnetic gravity can not be undone, hidden or erased. It will remain as scientific souvenirs for the future generations to see and learn from it.

On the other hand, I think the opponents of Galileo really believed that they were right however wrong they really were. But this was the time when the science hasn't yet completely evolved into a domain of wissenschaft leher that needs experimental verification.

Did I recreate the whole new theory of general relativity that has the solution of anti gravity? I don't think it is the case. Then how could the whole school of the gravitational science division of Princeton miss it for the last 80 years since the birth of general relativity?

But that's purely a human side question that I do not have an answer to it. I do not have any idea why certain people think this and not the other. Because it is totally in the realm of people's free will.

I also do not think the people who studied gravitational physics and graduated Princeton and/or Caltech for the last 80 years were of less intelligence than myself. But people will still have to wonder what is the meaning of this event. It is such a profound yet strangely mysterious scientific mischief that it will stun the people for many coming generations.

Because this is the scientific truth that will dictate all of the students of science of the future generation have to follow. It is an astounding power of authority that has been bestowed upon to me by the God of science.

So, you have to resort to the answer using the concept of destiny or divinity simply because you can not answer it.

To see if this event was ever foretold to happen in the past, read the following Quatrain of Nostradamus.

"Long awaited he will never return
In Europe, he will appear in Asia;
One of the league issued from the great Hermes,
And he will grow over all the Kings of the East."

This Quatrain has a certain aspect of a Messianic tone especially in the last line. It means the one who will save the world will appear in Asia. But you will have to wait and see for this.

No presently known thoughts or school of science can claim that this theory of dipole (anti)gravity belongs to one of the lines of theirs. It simply has no precedents. So, I will be called one of the leagues of science from the great Hermes (God of science) because I do not belong to any of the conventional physical school of thoughts. But this line of thought is issued directly from the great Hermes(God of science) not from that of the people's. That's what he meant.

Long awaited... for the last 90 years, but in fact for millennia, because no one ever thought gravity could be defied by scientific means. Every possible chances and long enough time were given to the people in Europe. Yet, he will appear in Asia. But he will be at home in Europe, see from the following slightly different interpretation.

"He will appear in Asia, at home in Europe.
One who is issued from the great Hermes."

Nostradamus lived in France and he was a full blown European. So, I don't think he could be biased by any racial preference. And such a notion didn't even exist in ancient Europe. The people at the time in Europe could have been still struggling with the psychological remnants of Mongol's dominance. I believe he was simply projecting his own vision.

NASA's "In Search of Gravitomagnetism"

The following is a quote from the NASA's web site on "In Search of Gravitomagnetism".
=============================================
"Gravitomagnetism is produced by stars and planets when they spin. "It's similar in form to the magnetic field produced by a spinning ball of charge," explains physicist Clifford Will of Washington University (St. Louis). Replace charge with mass, and magnetism becomes gravitomagnetism.

We don't feel gravitomagnetism as we go about our everyday lives on Earth, but according to Einstein's theory of General Relativity it's real. When a planet (or a star or a black hole ... or anything massive) spins it pulls space and time around with it, an action known as "frame dragging." The fabric of spacetime twists like a vortex. Einstein tells us that all gravitational forces correspond to a bending of spacetime; the "twist" is gravitomagnetism."
=============================================

It is not very hard to see that the above statements are all faulty scientific conjectures in review of the theory of dipole gravity. This NASA web site is still active even after I talked to Clifford Will by sending the copy of the paper published in the journal Physica Scripta, proving that dipole gravity is the cause of the Lense-Thirring force.

What is going on in our scientific world?

The obvious problem with the spinning charged ball analogy with gravity is in the fact that it doesn't answer the question on what determines the north and south pole of the magnetic gravity? Does that mean the north of the earth will have more attractive gravity while the south will have a little bit more of repulsive gravity?

If so, has it been proven by experiment or has any of such effect manifested in nature in some other part of the universe?

The answer of course is NO. The gravitomagnetism (Modified Maxwell's equation) is not general relativity. In fact, it has nothing to do with general relativity.

I was listening to Francis Everitt of Stanford University lecturing on Gravity Probe B and amazed to see how fuzzy idea he has on the theoretical model that his experiment is based on. One time, he mentioned "spin two of gravity" in the calculation of the effect of gravitomagnetism. Gravity does have spin two in the model of the theoretical high energy physics. But what does that have anything to do with the effect of gravitomagnetism which is a modified Maxwell's equation? He was obviously hiding his ignorance behind this fancy physicist's jargon of the "spin two".

I tried to inform him that the theory he is trying to prove is not general relativity but dipole gravity is. His data will never prove the gravitomagnetism but dipole gravity will.

He never wondered in his entire life if the theory he was trying to test is the genuine theory of general relativity or far from it. Well, he probably didn't have to wonder because the theorists who developed "gravitomagnetism" by the "unanimous" consensus "guaranteed" that it is the real genuine general relativity.

Obviously, the field of gravitational physics at the moment is in total disarray.

I wonder LIGO and LISA will ever detect gravity wave in any time soon, while dipole gravity is being wasted in the neverland.

I tried very hard to convince him that he doesn't have to try to prove he failed in his experiment using the wrong theory. Because if he use the correct theory of the second order gravity derived directly from general relativity, his experiment would be a monumental success. I believe his experiment has already proved dipole gravity and he didn't have to give the excuses of the electrostatic patch effect for the anomaly he detected.

What it needs in this field of science is that the authority of general relativity has to come forward and admit there was a serious mistake in the field by discarding dipole gravity and tell the world we should study dipole gravity in all of its applications for many of the known cosmological problems. Kip Thorne of CalTech has already been informed of this theory of dipole gravity long time ago because he was the first to be contacted when I found the anomaly of the rotating hemispherical object in 1995 and also from many inquiries he received from the readers of my blog, and obviously he has nothing to recommend to Francis Everitt of his experiment knowing that he is struggling with the data he got from close to a billion dollar project supported by the US tax payers. I think this is an outrageous travesty.

Some people are too embarrassed to admit this scientific fact and/or, too scared of the repercussions they may face by admitting it.

But we are not living in the world of Galileo, we are living in a far more advanced society than that. For the average people, we get benefited by knowing the truth and knowing that the scientific world is doing the right thing and this will eventually save people's resources from being wasted on some unnecessary physics adventures for all of their misguided curiosities.

Someone has to blow the whistle.

The Dark Matter Problem is Solved

"The dark matter problem exists only in the context that there is only one type of gravity force (which is Newtonian gravity) in the universe" writes Greg Bothun of the University of Oregon. In my opinion, this is the most profound insight by someone who perceives clearly where the crucial problem lies with the full spectrum of the knowledge on the observational astronomy. What people have forgotten in the pursuit of the answers for the dark matter problem is where this problem has originally started. It was from the observation that the spiral galaxy's rotational velocity curve does not follow the ones that Newtonian gravity has predicted. More specifically, the velocity curve becomes flat as if there is a lot more mass than what has been observed. The distribution of the unseen mass was in such a way that the flux of the matter is constant as if the origin of the source of the matter flux was at the center.

Strictly speaking, it was not the problem of the cosmos itself. Instead, it was the problem in our lack of the understanding of the universe. When we do not understand some of the workings of the universe, we name it as a problem as if it is somebody else's.

However, I do not understand why people believe all of the matter in the universe should be visible in the first place. For a simple example, meteorites, comets, satellites are invisible. If someone decided to calculate the density of the comets and meteorites by observing the frequency of their appearance, and their general distribution, considering the vast size of the space, since those space debris seems never exhaust their presence, in the long history of time. One may be able to calculate some approximate density of those asteroids in our own galaxy. Because in essence, we tend to ignore the presence of those space debris as accidental or ephemeral that is not worthy of consideration.

However, it is possible that this space debris exists in the space as never ending transients of the space residents themselves that we can not fundamentally remove them out of the consideration. Because our calculation basically ignores the presence of any or all of this unseen debris and their possible contribution to the mass of the universe.

The frequency of their appearance and the magnitude of their mass can be averaged over the long period of time and the corresponding size of the space they occupy for given period of time. Even if they may be seen as insignificant, the vast size of the volume of the universe can make their presence significant.

In fact, this may turn out to be not too small. The bright part of the galaxy is certainly where a lot of mass is populated. But the presence of light only means that those mass are in constant motion and colliding with each other. On the other hand, when the flow of those massive particles are in orderly manner, there will be no light visible from their presence.

As some of you may have perceived already from the previous posts, the jets are the source of this dark matter flux within the context of the interpretation of dipole gravity.

Whoever has gone through reading this blog articles with the theoretical flow of the dipole gravity with general relativity in mind will have no problem understanding that dipole gravity is the fundamental solution to the dark matter problems.

Obviously, this astounding fact is not very well conveyed to the general public. The public is still in the darkness on what is going on in the field of the dark matter problems. This is why there are science writers who writes fundamental physical principles to the general public with easily understandable terms. Since no science writer has picked it up at the moment, I will try to explain it to the public as simply as possible.

On the way to make such an attempt, we need to keep in mind that the true power of a physical theory is not in its ability to fit a group of data within its own scope. The real power of a successful physical theory is in its ability to explain the physical phenomenon that it was not even expected to explain.

In fact, if general relativity was clearly interpreted with the non trivial dipole gravitational moment earlier, we may not even be struggling with the dark matter problem in the first place. Greg Bothun's insight was right. We missed the additional gravity force that was visible right in front of our nose.

It is apparent that the real beauty of general relativity is in dipole gravity than anything else. For the record, deriving Newtonian gravity from general relativity can not be a big accomplishment, because, otherwise, there is no need to consider general relativity as a viable theory in the first place. The quadrupole radiation is too weak to detect even with the most sophisticated LIGO instrument due to the dominating local and global noise problem. Even in the order of the scientific progress, it is obvious that dipole gravity must proceed before quadrupole radiation as a proper research step. The unexpected success of dipole gravity in the explanation of many of the contemporary cosmological problems will be the proof of the monumental success of general relativity itself. Of course this is the most fundamental stumbling block whoever wants to discredit dipole gravity.

The simplicity of the solution is so mind boggling with dipole gravity that most of the astronomers who have learned the solution of dipole gravity have lost their tongues. I have hard time trying to make them to talk to me. If I keep trying to make them to respond to me, I would be charged for badgering. So, I made a joke to one of the authors of the most influential book who I respect most that I may have to water boarding them to make them to talk, with a good laugh. In any case, I don't want to bother the poor souls who must be pounding their heads onto their own desk for missing such an easy solution. But listen, even if you know you would lose the battle, don't you think you have to come out and fight when a serious challenge is thrown up in front of you? I'm talking about the open, free and candid scientific discussions over and over again until we reach some kind of a consensus and make some realistic progress in science.

But I want them to realize that it was not easy. Since I first look up the book Gravitation on the part of the dipole gravitational moment in the weak field limit in 1982, this curious problem never left my subconscious mind until I found the answer in 1995. The argument of removing the shift of the center of mass by moving the center of the coordinate system sounded too frivolous, too fast tongue in cheek. It can't be that simple, I thought, not knowing exactly why. The prevailing impression of my inner thought at the time was that "if general relativity, as a leading theory of gravity, is to explain any of the additional gravitational mysteries of the universe, this dipole term should be the answer, because of its strength next to Newtonian gravity", "if this term really doesn't have any physical meaning, it could possibly mean the failure of general relativity itself", I thought. Anyone who learned the series expansion of a mathematical function knows that the magnitude of the value of the function decreases as the order increases. So, this general relativistic second order term can have a tremendous importance. On the other hand, how mindlessly this term has been thrown away? These thought processes were behind the fundamental basis of the deep puzzle.

My friend, a physics professor of Yon Sei University, asked me one day, how I made the connection between the anomalous center of mass shift from the rotating hemisphere and the general relativistic gravitational dipole moment. I had this puzzle in my memory for the last 13 years, I told him. I believe in the mechanism of the human subconscious mind. It works day and night until you find the solution. But you have to have a deep sense of a puzzle and curiosity and the desire to solve it with your entire being and soul.

It only looks easy when somebody serves you with the finally finished product on the silver plate. The process of fierce fighting against the unseen forces of the anonymous referees that try to block this solution from the public view was not fun at all. And if it were so easy as some of you would probably scorn inside of your mind, why this solution had to wait for the last 90 years since the birth of general relativity?

What those pronounced experts in the field had done? Stephen Hawking and Kip Thorne, what did you do? You both missed the most important solution for the ultimate puzzle of the universe while discussing the time travel and black hole idea that we may never be able to experimentally prove. We as a collective human society probably have wasted a good chunk of 50 years on this frivolous nonsense. The physical time travel idea is not in fruition. It will take another 500 years for us to achieve such a feat, if ever, and I would be glad to be wrong. The books, Gravitation and that of others are basically a good number of eggs without the york. Now imagine how many literatures related to this subject would have to be permanently trashed and/or rewritten? And on what excuse? We simply have missed this one big long range force in the universe which is the dipole antigravity force.

Let's see what is involved with dipole gravity in all of the known cosmic mysteries.

1. Cosmic Jets(especially from the neutron stars)
2. Flat Rotational Velocity Curves(Dark Matter Problem)
3. Saturn Mystery(small scale effect)
4. GPB data anomaly(abnormal data is not from electrostatic patch effect)
5. Gravitomagnetism(in its folly)
6. Source of the asteroids(where they are from)
7. Rocketless Space Travel(if we can rotate the object ultra relativistically fast)
8. Mechanical nature of the ether(empty space is not completely empty)
9. Exotic matter hypothesis(only if there is a matter that creates antigravity)
10. Anomalous Red Shift

And, how fundamentally the course of our industrial civilization would have to be changed?

Now, don't tell me it was such a easy solution.

Now I feel like I'm the most righteous King fighting against all the evils of the world in the history of the mankind.


"Do not believe in what you have heard; do not believe in traditions because they have been handed down for many generations; do not believe anything because it is rumored and spoken of by many; do not believe merely because the written statements of some old sage are produced; do not believe in conjectures; do not believe in that as a truth to which you have become attached by habit; do not believe merely on the authority of your teachers and elders. After observation and analysis, when it agrees with reason and is conducive to the good and benefit of one and all, then accept it and live up to it."

by Gautama Buddha some 2600 years ago

Mond theory, Dark Matter Problem and the Neutron Star Jets

How many researchers in the field of general relativity realize that there is something fundamentally missing in the currently known general relativity? It must be realized that there is no known general relativistic solution for rotating gravitating mass. There is not much difference in the scope of handling the gravitational phenomenon between the Newtonian gravity and the known general relativity. There are numerous patch works to explain the partial cosmological phenomenon. One of these patch theories is the currently known explanation of the plasma induced jets phenomenon. Strangely though, no one expects it to explain the dark matter problem nor the jets from the neutron stars. If the well known gravitomagnetism, via the modified Maxwell's equation, was a correct theory of gravity it should be able to explain the dark matter problem and also the jet phenomenon from the neutron stars. But how strange is it that no one demands or expects it.

Looking back, I don't have a clue how the modified Maxwell's equation entered inside the domain of general relativity which are topologically incompatible to each other in the first place. If a rotating spherical mass creates a gravitational magnet, which side becomes the north pole and which side the south? Does it depend on the direction of the rotation? Of course not. In fact, there is very little that is common between gravity and the electromagnetism except that both laws satisfy the Gaussian flux law which is nothing more than the fact that both satisfies the 1/r^2 force law which is common between gravity and the electrostatics where the similarity ends.

For a simple example, the magnetic field has no influence of force on a stationary electric charge, but dipole gravity force has a latitudinal force toward the equator on a stationary mass. You see how absurd that the GPB(gravitational probe B) experimental team believes they are testing general relativity while in fact they are testing nothing of a valuable theory. I have hard time trying to informing them of this fact. Their valuable data is being wasted on the theory (modified Maxwell's equation) that has nothing to do with general relativity.

The MOND theory is one of those desperate attempts to understand the gravitational effect from the rotating gravitational mass. The fundamental flaw of the idea in MOND is that it tries to explain the gravitational effect generated from the rotating gravitational mass without considering the rotation itself. In fact, if you observe MOND carefully, this rotational parameter is hidden in the Fischer-Tully relation. The faster the rotation of the galactic core, it is natural to expect that it will cause more radiation at the core as it exerts more of the second order gravitational force.

The phenomenological concordance model succeeded because it sticks to its own principle from the beginning with the correct assumption that there should be missing mass in the surrounding space of the rotating galactic core.

The only fundamental problem with the CDM model was where is the proof of the dark matter with such an elaborate distribution? The experimental evidence of this dark matter started to show up in the observation of the cosmological collision between the two bullet clusters. The observational evidence showed there is impeccable and undeniable distribution of the matter around the galactic core. This was the crucial physical evidence of the existence of such an unseen matter distribution.

Now the next fundamental question is why and how such matter can exist and why in such a distribution? Without answering this question properly, the CDM model will also be in doubt.
There have been all kinds of possible explanation of what may constitute this dark matter from the source of the predictions from the super string theory to super symmetric gauge theories.

However, once the second order(dipole) gravity from general relativity is included in the complete picture, all these speculations regarding the possible composition of the dark matter becomes totally unnecessary.

To graphically explain what is happening in the fast rotating galactic core according to the second order gravity force of general relativity, it is important to realize that the rotating hemisphere is the unit structure of dipole gravity. In this paradigm, the domed side of the rotating hemisphere becomes the repulsive gravity pole and the flat side of the hemisphere becomes the attractive side of the gravitational dipole magnet. These two hemispheres can form a rotating sphere to create the quadrupole gravitational unit. When this is formed, the north and south poles of the rotating sphere becomes the point where the matters can be ejected because it is where the anti gravity poles are formed.

It is noted that the conventional theory of black hole does not include this effect, rather, it is a solution from a perfect static mass. The applicability of this kind of static gravitational system is very limited, because, without a rapid rotating mechanism of the source, a gravitational mass can rarely achieve the density of the black hole because a non rotating mass generally can not make its satellites to collide with it and form the heavier mass of itself. The gradual acceleration of the rotational speed and its dynamical consequence is not present in the static gravitational model depicted by the conventional theory.

When they developed it further into the theory of wormhole, using quantum gravity, it didn't include this dipole gravity effect either. The fundamental problem with this was that even if you quantize a theory that didn't have dipole gravity in the classical limit, you can not make it to appear just by quantizing it. The famous result of this is the speculation of time travel, because it looks like there is a two way traversable time lines along the axial path of the rotating cylindrical mass shell. If they had known there is a strong quadrupole mass pole structure inside the rotating spherical mass shell, this time machine idea wouldn't have come out in the first place.

Of course, the validity of the quantized general relativity is a separate issue due to its notorious unrenormalizability. If your quantized theory is not renormalizable, basically, what it means that it can not become a quantitatively verifiable theory. Which basically means it becomes a nonsensical theory.

Now, back to the effect of the mechanical universe. The reason that the poles of the rapidly rotating cosmological object becomes the anti gravity pole is because of the accumulative effect of the original equivalence principle proposed by Einstein which states that the acceleration of the mass is fundamentally the same as the effect of gravity. The general effect of this was never translated into a closed form of a mathematical expression since Lense-Thirring calculated this effect at the core of the rotating mass shell. The full calculation of it over the whole space surrounding the source was too horrendous to perform by the brute force calculation in the region beyond the close proximity from the center of the spherical shell. Of course this doesn't mean that there was no solution for the entire region around the rotating sphere, instead, it simply means that people haven't found the solution. But, after a while, after the futile attempts to calculate this force, it was generally assumed and decided that this force doesn't even exist.

Now let's see what does it mean that the poles of the rapidly rotating gravitational mass becomes an anti gravity pole. It means that the poles of some of the rapidly rotating planets of the Sun may show some kind of hollow structure at the poles when the planets are heavily covered with clouds because of the repulsive force it produces by the fast rotation. Did we see this effect from the photograph of Saturn?

And also, the equatorial plane of this kind of fast rotating planets can form a return path of the object that came off of the poles and they certainly can form rings. The equatorial plane of this system forms the lowest potential well in the dipole gravity picture which explains why rotating cosmological object creates planar shaped equatorial plane no matter if it is a galaxy or a planet.

But it is when this effect becomes so strong in the galactic scale that the true magnificence of this effect manifests itself. In the fast rotating black holes, the dipole anti gravity force at the poles will be so great that the matters at and around the poles will be ejected with such a tremendous force that they will fly away millions of miles away from the poles. And at certain point this dipole anti gravity force will be overcome by the attractive Newtonian gravity and the matters will be pulled back toward the poles. Now the ejection process of the black hole didn't stop when the matters that was ejected earlier started to be pulled back since this is a continuous mechanical process arises by the rotation of the extremely dense gravitational source.

The result of this continuous ejection of the matter and being pulled back by Newtonian gravity is the cosmic fire work that occurs due to the collision of this incoming and outgoing matters along the path of the poles of the gigantic rotating mass in the galactic scale. Of course, this is the cause of the jets either it is from the rotating black hole or from the rotating neutron star, the central gravity source doesn't have to be a black hole, it can simply be a rotating neutron star.

However, this is not the whole story, some of the matters ejected from the poles will not go straight line, instead they will follow the magnetic field like dipole gravity force lines toward the equatorial plane to merge with the matter that was ejected from the other side of the poles and then they will be pulled back into the center of the black hole.

The dark matter consists of these matters in transit from the poles toward the equatorial plane. The dipole gravity force law dictates them to be populated in the space the way they are as they have been observed from the collision of the bullet clusters.

This is the true picture of the universe that has been hidden from our view for so long. For this to be visible, there was another dramatic fiasco that happened in the process and it was the correction of the signs of the Lense-Thirring force and its complete dissociation from the previous centrifugal force interpretation.