Clash and Evolution of Civilization

I think we are at the turning point of the next level of civilization. We need a giant shift of the scientific paradigm. The old school has been defeated but keeps holding onto the illusion of control hoping that the rising new paradigm may disappear if they keep quiet and delay the concession.

In political arena, one who gets defeated usually makes a public announcement that he/she has been defeated. And everybody gets on with their lives. Now in the scientific world, people in the field can easily think that they can cheat especially when they think they are protected by the huge number of the same school of thoughts. Because they tend to think the general public is not well educated and ignorant of the complicated scientific thought process.

By willfully ignoring the challenge, they want people to think that the new paradigm is not worthwhile or unimportant which is a very cunning form of a deceit because unlike in the old ages like at the time of Galileo, one can not forcefully stop the inflow of a new paradigm without a righteous means.

But you can see there is the same kind of blatant disregards on the proper reasoning and rationalism. Time has changed but people never did change. The reason everybody is holding their breath is because the Shepherd is not taking a good care of the herd at all. A good Shepherd will not care about self but will show the way for the best of the herds.

Knowledge without courage is a useless burden to the intellectuals.

Why Now?

Personally, I'm horrified to imagine myself to be in the shoes of the researchers in the field of MOND and in the theory of the plasma and magnetic field caused jet phenomenon from the black hole accretion discs. It is possible that they could blame me for the cause of their failure asking "why are you doing this to us and now?" But the two major papers regarding dipole gravity were published in 1997 and 1999 in the regular journals after I uploaded them first in the LLNL archive.

They should have had enough time to investigate what might be at stake in their future research activities. Because no one would want to waste his/her valuable energy and time for something that is not going to withstand the harsh reality of the world of the scientific research.

After the publication of the last paper in Physica Scripta, I felt exhausted and found myself deeply involved in other major mystery of the nature. I felt I did my job and it is only up to the researchers in the field whoever finds it interesting and takes it over and expound the theory to the bottom of it. However, to my greatest disappointment, the theory of dipole gravity was still buried and untouched eight years after I showed the dipole gravity potential diagram which conspicuously showed the possibility of the jets from the rotating compact stellar objects. The sign error in the Lens-Thirring force could have been found by anyone who took a time to take a close look into it. And such a discovery could have been regarded as pivotal in the understanding of the dark matter problem.

Don't tell me I didn't communicate personally the major idea with the highest authorities in the field. The first person I contacted to communicate the idea even before the publication in the LLNL archive of course was Dr. Kip Thorne of Caltech. After a lengthy debate over the email exchange, he finally acknowledged that "the concept of the gravitational dipole moment makes sense...".

I didn't think he would like me to use his private comment as a public endorsement of the theory of dipole gravity because he never replied after I sent him the last email saying that "by the way, the theory of dipole gravity predicts the possibility of extracting the gravitational energy from space..." I regretted the fact I did. First off, it was obvious from the theory itself, so it was unnecessary and second, it could've been too frightening for anyone to imagine such a possibility.

His main objection in the beginning was that the gravitational dipole moment is basically a removable constant phase factor in the field theoretical description, which is a different way of saying that one can remove it by displacing the origin of the coordinate system to the true center of mass of the source.

I countered that in the case of a rotating hemisphere, the phase angle depends on the physical parameters like the rotational angular frequency and the geometry of the source which can not simply be transformed away because they are physically meaningful quantities due to the relativistic shift of the center of mass.

I continued "if we take a partial derivative of the field with respect to the momentum variable, the phase angle which depends on the angular frequency of the source will generate a very complex value which is highly nontrivial..."

That's when he finally acknowledged that the concept of the gravitational dipole moment makes sense.

I don't know even now if he knew exactly what he was talking about. Because he was consenting into the fact that the field of general relativity and gravitation has been neglecting the whole new chapter on the gravitational dipole moment and the vast physical and scientific consequences following from it.

Special Relativity and Newtonian Mechanics

Often times I wonder, what if someone, possibly a journal editor, objected to the validity of special relativity based on the example of a system of a rotating hemisphere that special relativity violates Newtonian mechanics and prohibited it from being published reasoning that it can't possibly be correct.

We will probably still be in the dark ages. It looks like the similar argument is in effect in the case of dipole gravity. Despite its elegant solutions to the jets and the flat rotational velocity curves, the theory "unfortunately" predicts the possibility of extracting the gravitational space energy into a useful form. How can this be possible?

I think it only tells us that the source of gravitation is not heavy materialistic terrestrial particles. If we put the particles that are responsible for the gravitation in a sealed bottle of a jar, it won't stay inside. So, the kinetic theory of gases no longer applies in the case of gravitation, where the principle of the local energy conservation was derived and liberally applied in all the branches of physics without a serious question. Contrary to the molecular gases, the particles that govern the gravitational phenomenon is not confinable, ie, a sheet rock or metal does not block the gravitational field. And those particles can carry energy from infinity to infinity. If that is out of question, anything should be possible. So, like in the case of special relativity, if we threw away dipole gravity just because it predicts the energy extraction from the space, we may be throwing the baby out with the bath water.

I believe it must be dealt with in a totally separate manner. Because there will be solutions for it in the near future. It must be emphasized that dipole gravity is not a new creation of a theory of gravitation. It was there in general relativity all the time. It has shown a fraction of its face in the form of the Lens-Thirring force with the reversed mirror image of its sign throughout all those years. People in the field didn't dig deeply enough to find it. And no one tells us to perform research in any field of science other than our own instinct to smell and locate where the secret of the nature may be hiding and lurking.

As anyone may have experienced in their lives, the closer the object you want to find is from your reach, the harder it is to actually locate it.

Dipole Gravity is Not Radiative

For the last 90 years since the inception of general relativity, people in the field of gravitation have been deeply indoctrinated by the fixated concept that there is only Newtonian gravity and the radiative gravitational quadrupole moment and nothing else that may be considered significant. Too many of the researchers in the field have passed away without ever seeing the day when someone proved there is meaningful gravitational dipole moment.

There is an unbelievable resistance against dipole gravity, blindly believing the faulty concept of the non-existing gravitational dipole moment.

Who can argue that there is not a religious aspect of human reaction even in the purest field of science like physics. It is like a gigantic mental block.

And some people even seem to think that dipole gravity would be radiative if it exists.

However, what the theory of dipole gravity shows is that dipole gravity is a static field like Newtonian gravity. It is static because angular momentum is conserved. The conservation of angular momentum makes dipole gravity to be static yet manageable. It may not be permanently static like Newtonian gravity, but it will last very long once created in the absence of the frictional energy loss.

One may say that it is in between the permanent static and being radiative. If the dipole rotor have rotational imbalance, it will vibrate and eventually lose energy by the radiative loss where the role of the gravitational quadrupole moment become significant.

However, one can not make a gravitational dipole moment to be radiative.

Rotational Velocity Curve Fitting with Dipole Gravity

The study of the solar planetary motions provides us with the information regarding the mass of the Sun, the mass of the planet and its distance from the Sun. The reason that this is possible is because Newtonian gravity with his dynamics accurately predicts the orbital motion of the planet with those parameters. In this specific case, there are only three parameters involved, the mass of the Sun, the mass of the planet and the distance between them. The way those parameters are mathematically related is by the simple potential functional form M1xM2/r.

So, in general, this should be the way a correct theory of the nature works; it provides us with the physical and mechanical insight into the cosmological bodies in motion.

The data from the observed rotational velocity curves and the jets, when interpreted by dipole gravity, will do exactly the same. It provides us with the information regarding the rotational frequency, the geometrical configuration and the mass of the galactic core.

The fine tuning problem of the dark matter hypothesis would be largely due to the minute differences in the individual core's physical properties apart from the added mass required problem near the center which can be attributed to the fact that the superposed radial component of the dipole gravity force, which is relatively short ranged compared to Newtonian gravity, strengthens the overall pulling force of the gravity(near the center).

Dipole gravity has several key parameters but some of them are not totally independent. For example, the range of the dark matter halo population is directly related to the length of the jets. The most significant one would be the strength of the gravitational dipole moment itself which is expressed by the mass times the length element which is the shifted relativistic center of mass. So, the gravitational dipole moment is not completely independent from the mass of the galactic core. The information of the shifted center of mass will in turn give the information on how fast the core is rotating and how the geometrical configuration of the core will look like. In fact, this should have been expected bacause the Lens-Thirring force at the center of the rotating spherical shell had the rotational frequency dependent forces on both the axial and radial directions. By assuming that the core will take the most efficient geometry, and also using the variational technique, the overall configuration will become transparent.

One more additional parameter needed may be the mass of the dark matter halo which is given by the mass populated within the unit radial length which may not depend on any other parameters. The reason that the total mass of the dark matter is so large may be due to the sheer size of the volume of the space they are populated although the density itself may be very small.

One of the quick examples of the success of dipole gravity is in the globular clusters. Since there is no significant rotation of the core inside the globular clusters, the rotational velocity curve falls rapidly near the center instead of rising up because there is no contribution of the force from dipole gravity in such cases.

The various forms of the rotational velocity curves can be fitted by the enough number of the parameters all of which have direct mechanical significances regarding the galactic center. On the other hand, MONDian cosmology with its minimal number of adjustable parameters doesn't provide any new insight into the mechanical properties of the core of the galaxies while predicting the curves so well. So, it would be interesting to investigate why that is the case in the light of dipole gravity.

Is Dipole Gravity the Fifth Force?

Dipole gravity is integrated into the gravity by virtue of the principle of general relativity. But the nature of dipole gravity is fundamentally different from Newtonian gravity because one can not be derived from the other.

The reason they are related as gravity is because the two forces share the same principle of equivalence within the paradigm of general relativity. However, if one assumes that an advanced civilization happened to discover dipole gravity separately from Newtonian gravity (they would eventually have to find a theory that incorporates both forces within the unifying paradigm, which will be equivalent to general relativity), it wouldn't be obvious for them to see that dipole gravity is a part of a grandeur scheme of gravity.

It would be an interesting mental exercise to speculate if it would be possible for a civilization to discover dipole gravity completely isolated from Newtonian gravity without first finding a guiding principle like general relativity.

Let's assume that some inventor(s) of the advanced civilization accidentally, while playing with a fast rotating hemispherical rotor, found the abnormal directional force, before anyone could have figured out a theory like general relativity, if that happens, the principal investigator would have named it the "fifth force".

Dipole gravity found in such a way would be considered having nothing to do with the conventional gravity because the way the force acts onto the other matters in the universe is totally different from that of Newtonian gravity.

So, in principle, there is nothing that prevents dipole gravity from being named as the fifth force of the nature.

Questions on the Covariance of Dipole Gravity

It seems that this subject is a lingering question to many of the readers of dipole gravity. When a new metric is devised, this certainly becomes an important issue. A fully covariant field equation was expanded in the linearized theory and expressed by sums of infinite number of the individual multipole components. So in reality, the individual poles(monopole, dipole, quadrupole...etc) are not covariant by themselves, the total sum is. In other words. dipole gravity can be formulated only in the asymptotically flat space time region. However this argument can not be used to underestimate the importance of its physical implication. Just like Newtonian gravity is a solution of general relativity in the asymptotically flat space time region, so is dipole gravity. The most important aspect of it may be its unique topology.

Even so, it is amazing to see how much of the cosmological mysteries are solved solely by Newtonian(monopole) gravity. As the energy scale of the cosmological system gets larger, the higher order of the poles start making important contributions. The reason Newtonian gravity could not explain the jets and/or the dark matter problem was, in retrospect, because we have been working with a totally simplified, truncated non covariant field. As the more of the higher order poles are included, the overall gravity field starts becoming more accurate and offer solutions to many other mysteries of the universe. Since the strength(magnitude) of the each poles decrease by the factor of c (speed of light) as the order increases, after the inclusion of the second and third terms of the linearized theory the overall sums of the field will still be accurate enough to cover most of the observable universe.

So, one can view the overall scheme of the linearized theory of general relativity by the following; the spatial translational motion is covered by Newtonian gravity(via point mass approximation), the intrinsic rotational motion of the bulk object is covered by dipole gravity and finally the intrinsic vibrational motion of the extended object is covered by the gravitational quadrupole moment.

In retrospect, I always felt that there was something fundamentally missing in our understanding of the universe. I remember looking up the text books on gravitation in 1982, even though I was not an astronomy major when I was a graduate student at the University of Michigan Ann Arbor. I was interested in the theoretical high energy physics. The most puzzling experience in this episode was when I looked up the page describing the linearized form of general relativity. There was something next to Newtonian gravity and that was the dipole gravitational moment. And it was dismissed by a reason that I thought was too much of tongue in cheek argument. The fact that one has to move the origin of the coordinate system to the center of mass of the object to remove the term seemed too convenient or/and unnatural(can't find the right word for it) because one can always set up the origin of the coordinate system at the center of mass of the object and forget about the coordinate alignment problem. I thought it was an unnecessary and non physical activity which may hide some more serious physics involved. The reason for its dismissal, I thought, was too frivolous compared to the possible importance of the term.

Because if general relativity have answers to the further mysteries of the universe, it should be in the term next to the Newtonian gravity in the linearized theory.

The conventional treatment of it made me feel suspicious of the argument. I never trusted any derivation of the physical equations in the text books in my college years until I derived it myself anyways.

It's like weighing a feather same as a gold nugget painted like a cotton.

But there was no way I could have guessed at the time that it could have something to do with the anomalous center of mass shift from the rotating hemisphere. In 1995, the puzzle was solved after 13 years since I began wondering about the strangeness of displacing the origin of the coordinate system to remove the dipole term in the linearized theory. It happened when I asked the following two questions in my mind. What is so special about the rotating hemisphere? And then how about the center of mass? The answers to these two questions answered the 13 years old questions in my mind. Hermes struck me down at the instant. The gravitational dipole moment!!!! It looks like there is no way one can avoid this solution. The jets and the dark matter problem are the two different sides of the same coin due to the dipole gravity effect from the fast rotating black holes.

At the moment, the quadrupole gravitational moment seems to be the main interest of experimental investigation in gravity. However, we missed dipole gravity altogether and there is no doubt that it should be investigated fully in the near future especially because it is much more stronger than the quadrupole moment. The extensive investigation of dipole gravity will determine the scope of the overall success of Einstein's initial revolution.

After that, when we still have too many mysteries remain unsolved, the next order of the poles will offer important clues to the problem. In this respect, the quadrupole moment will become important in the much high energy scale than that of dipole gravity, so we may be too far ahead of our steps in the adventure to the cosmological mystery.

In regard to this subject, if we assume that a big bang occurs in a much higher energy scale than that is governed by dipole gravity, it is quite conceivable that the instability arising from the vibrational oscillation of the quadrupole moment can result in the massive disintegration of the black hole in the form of a big bang. So, the extreme relativistic extension of the gravitational quadrupole moment can be a big bang which is listed as a question mark(?)in the dipole gravity chart.