The Dark Matter Problem is Solved

"The dark matter problem exists only in the context that there is only one type of gravity force (which is Newtonian gravity) in the universe" writes Greg Bothun of the University of Oregon. In my opinion, this is the most profound insight by someone who perceives clearly where the crucial problem lies with the full spectrum of the knowledge on the observational astronomy. What people have forgotten in the pursuit of the answers for the dark matter problem is where this problem has originally started. It was from the observation that the spiral galaxy's rotational velocity curve does not follow the ones that Newtonian gravity has predicted. More specifically, the velocity curve becomes flat as if there is a lot more mass than what has been observed. The distribution of the unseen mass was in such a way that the flux of the matter is constant as if the origin of the source of the matter flux was at the center.

Strictly speaking, it was not the problem of the cosmos itself. Instead, it was the problem in our lack of the understanding of the universe. When we do not understand some of the workings of the universe, we name it as a problem as if it is somebody else's.

However, I do not understand why people believe all of the matter in the universe should be visible in the first place. For a simple example, meteorites, comets, satellites are invisible. If someone decided to calculate the density of the comets and meteorites by observing the frequency of their appearance, and their general distribution, considering the vast size of the space, since those space debris seems never exhaust their presence, in the long history of time. One may be able to calculate some approximate density of those asteroids in our own galaxy. Because in essence, we tend to ignore the presence of those space debris as accidental or ephemeral that is not worthy of consideration.

However, it is possible that this space debris exists in the space as never ending transients of the space residents themselves that we can not fundamentally remove them out of the consideration. Because our calculation basically ignores the presence of any or all of this unseen debris and their possible contribution to the mass of the universe.

The frequency of their appearance and the magnitude of their mass can be averaged over the long period of time and the corresponding size of the space they occupy for given period of time. Even if they may be seen as insignificant, the vast size of the volume of the universe can make their presence significant.

In fact, this may turn out to be not too small. The bright part of the galaxy is certainly where a lot of mass is populated. But the presence of light only means that those mass are in constant motion and colliding with each other. On the other hand, when the flow of those massive particles are in orderly manner, there will be no light visible from their presence.

As some of you may have perceived already from the previous posts, the jets are the source of this dark matter flux within the context of the interpretation of dipole gravity.

Whoever has gone through reading this blog articles with the theoretical flow of the dipole gravity with general relativity in mind will have no problem understanding that dipole gravity is the fundamental solution to the dark matter problems.

Obviously, this astounding fact is not very well conveyed to the general public. The public is still in the darkness on what is going on in the field of the dark matter problems. This is why there are science writers who writes fundamental physical principles to the general public with easily understandable terms. Since no science writer has picked it up at the moment, I will try to explain it to the public as simply as possible.

On the way to make such an attempt, we need to keep in mind that the true power of a physical theory is not in its ability to fit a group of data within its own scope. The real power of a successful physical theory is in its ability to explain the physical phenomenon that it was not even expected to explain.

In fact, if general relativity was clearly interpreted with the non trivial dipole gravitational moment earlier, we may not even be struggling with the dark matter problem in the first place. Greg Bothun's insight was right. We missed the additional gravity force that was visible right in front of our nose.

It is apparent that the real beauty of general relativity is in dipole gravity than anything else. For the record, deriving Newtonian gravity from general relativity can not be a big accomplishment, because, otherwise, there is no need to consider general relativity as a viable theory in the first place. The quadrupole radiation is too weak to detect even with the most sophisticated LIGO instrument due to the dominating local and global noise problem. Even in the order of the scientific progress, it is obvious that dipole gravity must proceed before quadrupole radiation as a proper research step. The unexpected success of dipole gravity in the explanation of many of the contemporary cosmological problems will be the proof of the monumental success of general relativity itself. Of course this is the most fundamental stumbling block whoever wants to discredit dipole gravity.

The simplicity of the solution is so mind boggling with dipole gravity that most of the astronomers who have learned the solution of dipole gravity have lost their tongues. I have hard time trying to make them to talk to me. If I keep trying to make them to respond to me, I would be charged for badgering. So, I made a joke to one of the authors of the most influential book who I respect most that I may have to water boarding them to make them to talk, with a good laugh. In any case, I don't want to bother the poor souls who must be pounding their heads onto their own desk for missing such an easy solution. But listen, even if you know you would lose the battle, don't you think you have to come out and fight when a serious challenge is thrown up in front of you? I'm talking about the open, free and candid scientific discussions over and over again until we reach some kind of a consensus and make some realistic progress in science.

But I want them to realize that it was not easy. Since I first look up the book Gravitation on the part of the dipole gravitational moment in the weak field limit in 1982, this curious problem never left my subconscious mind until I found the answer in 1995. The argument of removing the shift of the center of mass by moving the center of the coordinate system sounded too frivolous, too fast tongue in cheek. It can't be that simple, I thought, not knowing exactly why. The prevailing impression of my inner thought at the time was that "if general relativity, as a leading theory of gravity, is to explain any of the additional gravitational mysteries of the universe, this dipole term should be the answer, because of its strength next to Newtonian gravity", "if this term really doesn't have any physical meaning, it could possibly mean the failure of general relativity itself", I thought. Anyone who learned the series expansion of a mathematical function knows that the magnitude of the value of the function decreases as the order increases. So, this general relativistic second order term can have a tremendous importance. On the other hand, how mindlessly this term has been thrown away? These thought processes were behind the fundamental basis of the deep puzzle.

My friend, a physics professor of Yon Sei University, asked me one day, how I made the connection between the anomalous center of mass shift from the rotating hemisphere and the general relativistic gravitational dipole moment. I had this puzzle in my memory for the last 13 years, I told him. I believe in the mechanism of the human subconscious mind. It works day and night until you find the solution. But you have to have a deep sense of a puzzle and curiosity and the desire to solve it with your entire being and soul.

It only looks easy when somebody serves you with the finally finished product on the silver plate. The process of fierce fighting against the unseen forces of the anonymous referees that try to block this solution from the public view was not fun at all. And if it were so easy as some of you would probably scorn inside of your mind, why this solution had to wait for the last 90 years since the birth of general relativity?

What those pronounced experts in the field had done? Stephen Hawking and Kip Thorne, what did you do? You both missed the most important solution for the ultimate puzzle of the universe while discussing the time travel and black hole idea that we may never be able to experimentally prove. We as a collective human society probably have wasted a good chunk of 50 years on this frivolous nonsense. The physical time travel idea is not in fruition. It will take another 500 years for us to achieve such a feat, if ever, and I would be glad to be wrong. The books, Gravitation and that of others are basically a good number of eggs without the york. Now imagine how many literatures related to this subject would have to be permanently trashed and/or rewritten? And on what excuse? We simply have missed this one big long range force in the universe which is the dipole antigravity force.

Let's see what is involved with dipole gravity in all of the known cosmic mysteries.

1. Cosmic Jets(especially from the neutron stars)
2. Flat Rotational Velocity Curves(Dark Matter Problem)
3. Saturn Mystery(small scale effect)
4. GPB data anomaly(abnormal data is not from electrostatic patch effect)
5. Gravitomagnetism(in its folly)
6. Source of the asteroids(where they are from)
7. Rocketless Space Travel(if we can rotate the object ultra relativistically fast)
8. Mechanical nature of the ether(empty space is not completely empty)
9. Exotic matter hypothesis(only if there is a matter that creates antigravity)
10. Anomalous Red Shift

And, how fundamentally the course of our industrial civilization would have to be changed?

Now, don't tell me it was such a easy solution.

Now I feel like I'm the most righteous King fighting against all the evils of the world in the history of the mankind.


"Do not believe in what you have heard; do not believe in traditions because they have been handed down for many generations; do not believe anything because it is rumored and spoken of by many; do not believe merely because the written statements of some old sage are produced; do not believe in conjectures; do not believe in that as a truth to which you have become attached by habit; do not believe merely on the authority of your teachers and elders. After observation and analysis, when it agrees with reason and is conducive to the good and benefit of one and all, then accept it and live up to it."

by Gautama Buddha some 2600 years ago

Mond theory, Dark Matter Problem and the Neutron Star Jets

How many researchers in the field of general relativity realize that there is something fundamentally missing in the currently known general relativity? It must be realized that there is no known general relativistic solution for rotating gravitating mass. There is not much difference in the scope of handling the gravitational phenomenon between the Newtonian gravity and the known general relativity. There are numerous patch works to explain the partial cosmological phenomenon. One of these patch theories is the currently known explanation of the plasma induced jets phenomenon. Strangely though, no one expects it to explain the dark matter problem nor the jets from the neutron stars. If the well known gravitomagnetism, via the modified Maxwell's equation, was a correct theory of gravity it should be able to explain the dark matter problem and also the jet phenomenon from the neutron stars. But how strange is it that no one demands or expects it.

Looking back, I don't have a clue how the modified Maxwell's equation entered inside the domain of general relativity which are topologically incompatible to each other in the first place. If a rotating spherical mass creates a gravitational magnet, which side becomes the north pole and which side the south? Does it depend on the direction of the rotation? Of course not. In fact, there is very little that is common between gravity and the electromagnetism except that both laws satisfy the Gaussian flux law which is nothing more than the fact that both satisfies the 1/r^2 force law which is common between gravity and the electrostatics where the similarity ends.

For a simple example, the magnetic field has no influence of force on a stationary electric charge, but dipole gravity force has a latitudinal force toward the equator on a stationary mass. You see how absurd that the GPB(gravitational probe B) experimental team believes they are testing general relativity while in fact they are testing nothing of a valuable theory. I have hard time trying to informing them of this fact. Their valuable data is being wasted on the theory (modified Maxwell's equation) that has nothing to do with general relativity.

The MOND theory is one of those desperate attempts to understand the gravitational effect from the rotating gravitational mass. The fundamental flaw of the idea in MOND is that it tries to explain the gravitational effect generated from the rotating gravitational mass without considering the rotation itself. In fact, if you observe MOND carefully, this rotational parameter is hidden in the Fischer-Tully relation. The faster the rotation of the galactic core, it is natural to expect that it will cause more radiation at the core as it exerts more of the second order gravitational force.

The phenomenological concordance model succeeded because it sticks to its own principle from the beginning with the correct assumption that there should be missing mass in the surrounding space of the rotating galactic core.

The only fundamental problem with the CDM model was where is the proof of the dark matter with such an elaborate distribution? The experimental evidence of this dark matter started to show up in the observation of the cosmological collision between the two bullet clusters. The observational evidence showed there is impeccable and undeniable distribution of the matter around the galactic core. This was the crucial physical evidence of the existence of such an unseen matter distribution.

Now the next fundamental question is why and how such matter can exist and why in such a distribution? Without answering this question properly, the CDM model will also be in doubt.
There have been all kinds of possible explanation of what may constitute this dark matter from the source of the predictions from the super string theory to super symmetric gauge theories.

However, once the second order(dipole) gravity from general relativity is included in the complete picture, all these speculations regarding the possible composition of the dark matter becomes totally unnecessary.

To graphically explain what is happening in the fast rotating galactic core according to the second order gravity force of general relativity, it is important to realize that the rotating hemisphere is the unit structure of dipole gravity. In this paradigm, the domed side of the rotating hemisphere becomes the repulsive gravity pole and the flat side of the hemisphere becomes the attractive side of the gravitational dipole magnet. These two hemispheres can form a rotating sphere to create the quadrupole gravitational unit. When this is formed, the north and south poles of the rotating sphere becomes the point where the matters can be ejected because it is where the anti gravity poles are formed.

It is noted that the conventional theory of black hole does not include this effect, rather, it is a solution from a perfect static mass. The applicability of this kind of static gravitational system is very limited, because, without a rapid rotating mechanism of the source, a gravitational mass can rarely achieve the density of the black hole because a non rotating mass generally can not make its satellites to collide with it and form the heavier mass of itself. The gradual acceleration of the rotational speed and its dynamical consequence is not present in the static gravitational model depicted by the conventional theory.

When they developed it further into the theory of wormhole, using quantum gravity, it didn't include this dipole gravity effect either. The fundamental problem with this was that even if you quantize a theory that didn't have dipole gravity in the classical limit, you can not make it to appear just by quantizing it. The famous result of this is the speculation of time travel, because it looks like there is a two way traversable time lines along the axial path of the rotating cylindrical mass shell. If they had known there is a strong quadrupole mass pole structure inside the rotating spherical mass shell, this time machine idea wouldn't have come out in the first place.

Of course, the validity of the quantized general relativity is a separate issue due to its notorious unrenormalizability. If your quantized theory is not renormalizable, basically, what it means that it can not become a quantitatively verifiable theory. Which basically means it becomes a nonsensical theory.

Now, back to the effect of the mechanical universe. The reason that the poles of the rapidly rotating cosmological object becomes the anti gravity pole is because of the accumulative effect of the original equivalence principle proposed by Einstein which states that the acceleration of the mass is fundamentally the same as the effect of gravity. The general effect of this was never translated into a closed form of a mathematical expression since Lense-Thirring calculated this effect at the core of the rotating mass shell. The full calculation of it over the whole space surrounding the source was too horrendous to perform by the brute force calculation in the region beyond the close proximity from the center of the spherical shell. Of course this doesn't mean that there was no solution for the entire region around the rotating sphere, instead, it simply means that people haven't found the solution. But, after a while, after the futile attempts to calculate this force, it was generally assumed and decided that this force doesn't even exist.

Now let's see what does it mean that the poles of the rapidly rotating gravitational mass becomes an anti gravity pole. It means that the poles of some of the rapidly rotating planets of the Sun may show some kind of hollow structure at the poles when the planets are heavily covered with clouds because of the repulsive force it produces by the fast rotation. Did we see this effect from the photograph of Saturn?

And also, the equatorial plane of this kind of fast rotating planets can form a return path of the object that came off of the poles and they certainly can form rings. The equatorial plane of this system forms the lowest potential well in the dipole gravity picture which explains why rotating cosmological object creates planar shaped equatorial plane no matter if it is a galaxy or a planet.

But it is when this effect becomes so strong in the galactic scale that the true magnificence of this effect manifests itself. In the fast rotating black holes, the dipole anti gravity force at the poles will be so great that the matters at and around the poles will be ejected with such a tremendous force that they will fly away millions of miles away from the poles. And at certain point this dipole anti gravity force will be overcome by the attractive Newtonian gravity and the matters will be pulled back toward the poles. Now the ejection process of the black hole didn't stop when the matters that was ejected earlier started to be pulled back since this is a continuous mechanical process arises by the rotation of the extremely dense gravitational source.

The result of this continuous ejection of the matter and being pulled back by Newtonian gravity is the cosmic fire work that occurs due to the collision of this incoming and outgoing matters along the path of the poles of the gigantic rotating mass in the galactic scale. Of course, this is the cause of the jets either it is from the rotating black hole or from the rotating neutron star, the central gravity source doesn't have to be a black hole, it can simply be a rotating neutron star.

However, this is not the whole story, some of the matters ejected from the poles will not go straight line, instead they will follow the magnetic field like dipole gravity force lines toward the equatorial plane to merge with the matter that was ejected from the other side of the poles and then they will be pulled back into the center of the black hole.

The dark matter consists of these matters in transit from the poles toward the equatorial plane. The dipole gravity force law dictates them to be populated in the space the way they are as they have been observed from the collision of the bullet clusters.

This is the true picture of the universe that has been hidden from our view for so long. For this to be visible, there was another dramatic fiasco that happened in the process and it was the correction of the signs of the Lense-Thirring force and its complete dissociation from the previous centrifugal force interpretation.